Issue 50

G. Belokas, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 50 (2019) 354-369; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.50.30 369 The deterministic analyses gave in general more conservative results and only one gave acceptable SM and SF values. These analyses greatly depend on the selection of the partial safety factor selection that determines the characteristic value. The partial factors are indirectly related to an empirical probability of exceedance and the confidence of material properties and method of analysis. On the contrary, all probabilistic analyses gave acceptable SM and SF values, which means that probabilistic analyses could be used for an appropriate selection of partial safety factors. Therefore, the application of statistical methods can also set a framework for the selection of the characteristic mechanical properties, for deterministic analyses. R EFERENCES [1] Baecher G. and Christian J. (2003). Reliability and Statistics in Geotechnical Engineering, Wiley, p. 618. [2] Orr T. and Breysse D. (2008). Eurocode 7 and reliability-based design. Reliability-Based Design in Geotechnical Engineering. Computations and Applications, Kok-Kwang Phoon(edr), Taylor & Francis, pp. 298–343. [3] ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008. Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measure- ment (GUM: 1995). [4] Kulhawy H. (1992). On the evaluation of static soil properties, Stability and Performance of Slopes and Embankments – II, Proceedings of a Specialty Conference, Seed R.B. and Boulanger R.W. (eds), ASCE, pp. 95–115. [5] Duncan J. M. (2000). Factors of safety and reliability in geotechnical engineering, Journal of Geotechnical and Geo- environmental Engineering, 126(4), pp. 307–316. [6] Schneider H.R. and Fitze P. (2013). Characteristic shear strength values for EC7: Guidelines based on a statistical framework. Proc. 15 th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 4, pp. 318–324. [7] Fellin W. (2005). Assessment of characteristic shear strength parameters of soil and its implication in geotechnical design, Analyzing Uncertainty in Civil Engineering, Fellin, W., Lessmann, H., Oberguggenberger, M., Vieider, R. (eds.), Springer, pp. 1–15. [8] Pohl C. (2011). Determination of characteristic soil values by statistical methods. ISGSR 2011 - Vogt, Schuppener, Straub & Bräu (eds), pp. 427–434. [9] Frank R., Bauduin C., Driscoll R., Kavvadas M., Krebs Ovensen N., Orr T. and Schuppener B. (2004). Designers' Guide to EN 1997-1 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design - General Rules, Thomas Telford, p. 216. [10] Kottegoda N. T. and Rosso R. (2008). Applied Statistics for Civil and Environmental Engineers, 2nd Edition, Wiley- Blackwell, p. 736. [11] Tsiambaos G. (1988). Technicogeological features of the Herakleion Crete Marls. PhD, University of Patras, p. 358 (in Greek). [12] Schneider H.R. (1997). Definition and determination of characteristic soil properties. Proc. 14 th International Conf- erence on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 4, pp. 2271–2274. [13] Wu T. (2008). Reliability analysis of slopes, Reliability-Based Design in Geotechnical Engineering, Computations and Applications, Kok-Kwang Phoon (ed.), Taylor & Francis, pp. 413–447.