Issue 38

T. Morishita et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 38 (2016) 281-288; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.38.38 286 In this material at the tested temperature, k and β take 0.6 and 0.9, respectively. Δε P PP-FF and Δε P PP-SS are plastic strain ranges when N f in PP-FF test takes the same value as that of PP-SS test. According to that correlation in this figure, a modified strain range  NP ’ can be defined as,     β1 0 v I v NP NP ,Δε α1 Δε'          k v v K K f (6) where v 0 is the frequency at the strain rate of the fatigue test in which creep effect can be ignored. In this study, the strain rate in the PP-FF test is set as v 0 . v is an arbitrary frequency in the tests with the lower strain rate of which creep effect is included . PP-TH, PP-CH and CI-TH tests which have strain holding are assumed to be transformed proximately into the test of triangular or sinusoidal waveform with low strain rate. Fig. 6 shows how to transform the strain waveform in the holding test into an equivalent strain waveform to obtain the strain rate v ’. The strain rate is calculated from the equivalent strain waveform. Fig. 7 shows a correlation of the failure life by NP Δε' . The data in PP test under various strain rates including strain holding is correlated within the factor of 2 band even though data in high strain ranged tests are plotted conservatively. On the other hand, the data in CI test under low strain rates is underestimated. Figure 6 : Assuming waveform of hold loading equivalent to triangular loading. Creep Fatigue Damage under Non-proportional Loading Condition The low strain rate reduces the failure life by creep damage. On the other hand, the intensity of strain non-proportionality decreases due to the stress relaxation caused by creep. For the life evaluation in low strain rates under non-proportional loading, a modified non-proportional strain range is proposed by Eq. (6) by adding a new parameter K s which shows the reduction of intensity of non-proportionality. The modified strain range is given by   I v NP S * NP Δε α1 Δε K fK             1 S 0 χ v v K (7) where the value of K s is calculated from test results in CI test, that is, a correlation of K s with strain rate is obtained by data fitting.  is a material constant, in case of this material  =2.7.