Issue 30

A. Chmel et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 30 (2014) 162-166; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.30.21 166 D ISCUSSION he statistical analysis of the time series showed that the energy distributions of FL pulses in both heterogeneous and homogeneous brittle materials follow the power law indicative of long-range interactions between primary damage events. Random (exponential) energy distributions were found in experiments with marble and organic glass that is in materials with pronounced plasticity. The absence of the correlated damage accumulation in this case was quite surprising because these materials exhibited the FL series evidencing multiple (statistically significant) bond breakage. However, this result points out a necessity to introduce some corrections in common interpretations of the role of structural heterogeneities, which were developed for explaining some cooperative phenomena in fracture. The cooperative effects result from the interactions between multiple individual failures, which are realized through propagating elastic waves excited by local structural perturbations [9, 10]. High plastic deformation prior to the bond rupture suppresses the elastic excitations thus disturbing dynamic cross-coupling between nucleating defects. As a result, the damage accumulation in ductile materials proceeds in an extensive manner that is the appearance of a defect does not affect efficiently the nucleation of other ones. This means that the prevalence of either correlated or random damage initiation at the scale level of basic structural heterogeneity (at the nanostructural level) depends on the degree of microplasticity in the given material, which determines the efficiency of long-range elastic interactions C ONCLUSION ractoluminescence is the effective method for monitoring the nucleation of defects in deformed/fractured dielectrics at the level of basic structural links. The FL sensitivity depends on the damage size and quantum yield of luminescence. In this work, the FL technique was applied for studying the primary damage accumulation in a set of solids differing in their mechanical properties. The statistical analysis of the FL time series emitted from impact damaged solids revealed the power law energy release distributions (scaling) in brittle materials, and exponential (Poisson- like) distributions in ductile materials. At the same time, the microscopic heterogeneity of materials did not determine the prevailing (correlated or random) energy pattern at the nanostructural scale level. R EFERENCES [1] Bowman, D.D., Ouillon, G., Sammis, C.G., Sornette, A., Sornette, D. An observational test of the critical earthquake concept, J. Geophys. Res., 103 (1998) 24359-24372. [2] Carpinteri, A., Puzzi, S., Complexity: a new paradigm for future mechanics, Frattura Integrità Strutturale, 10 (2009) 3- 11. [3] Mamalimov, R.I., Sinani,A.B., Chmel, A.E., Shcherbakov, I.P., Initiation of impact fracture in SiO 2 ceramics, Tech. Phys., 58 (2013) 1453-1458. [4] Momon, S., Moevus, M., Godin, N., R’Mili, M., Reynaud, P., Fantozzi, G., Fayolle, G., Acoustic emission and lifetime prediction during static fatigue tests on ceramic-matrix-composite at high temperature under air, Composites Part A: Appl. Sci. Manufacturing, 41 (2010) 913-918. [5] Amitrano, D., Rupture by damage accumulation in rocks, Intern. J. Fract., 139 (2003) 369-381. [6] Davydova, M., Uvarov, S., Fractal statistics of brittle fragmentation, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 24 (2013) 60-68. [7] Chandra, B.P., Mechanoluminescence in luminescent solids, in D.R. Vij (Ed.), Luminescence of solids, Plenum Press, New York, (1998) 301-345. [8] Kawaguchi, Y., Time-resolved fractoluminescence spectra of silica glass in a vacuum and nitrogen atmosphere, Phys. Rev. B, 52 (1995) 9224-9228. [9] Kuksenko, V., Tomilin, N., Chmel, A., The rock fracture experiment with a drive control: A spatial aspect, Tectonophysics, 431 (2007) 123-129. [10] Telesca, L., Lovallo, M., Investigating non-uniform scaling behavior in temporal fluctuations of seismicity, Nat. Hazards Earth System Sci., 8 (2008) 973-976. T F