Issue 24

S.V. Smirnov, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 24 (2013) 7-12; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.24.02 11 (a) (b) Figure 4 : Micro pores and crack which was formed of coalescence of micro pores (are shown by arrows). Material is deformed carbon steel 0.1%C after annealing (at 700°C, 1 hour). Values of the initial damage: a -  0 = 0.32; b –  0 = 0.7 (magnification х1000). Calculation and analysis of damage accumulated in metal allow to optimize technology process of plastic treatment. One of number of practical examples may be given [16]. At the Pervouralsk Pipe-Making Plant (Russia) pipes of carbon steel 0.45%C for poles has been produced by cold rolling. Existing equipment did not allow to satisfy the demand for type product. To increase a volume of production it was offered to be produce at automated triple drawing line. One of major questions stated for engineers was a question of damage of pipes during drawing because the manufacturing line design did not suppose the intermediary annealing. Theoretical calculations allowed to choose an optimal drawing parameters, when the level of residual damage was not dangerous (Fig.5). The experimental investigations of the relative changes of density   and then industrial tests of theoretical results show a validity of prediction. Figure 5 : Changes of damage  (a) and density    (b) under drawing and annealing of 0.45%C carbon steel pipes. C ONCLUSIONS n this work the equations of damage healing during recovery and recrystallization are in categories of damage mechanics are formulated. Diagrams of damage healing for some metal alloys are defined. It is shown that recrystallization annealing leads to the complete healing of deformation damage  if it is less than some value ω* . When ω* < ω 0 < ω** there is partial damage healing, and a certain part of deformational defects remains in the metal. The example of use of investigation results for optimization of industrial technology of pipes drawing is presented. A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS  This work has been executed according to plan of the project number 12-Т-1-1010 of the UB RAS Research Program and was supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, contract number 11-08-12083. I