Issue 33

F. Berto et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 33 (2015) 17-24; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.33.03 17 Focussed on characterization of crack tip fields Three-dimensional effects on cracked components under anti-plane loading F. Berto, A. Campagnolo University of Padova, Department of Management and Engineering, Stradella S. Nicola 3, 36100, Vicenza (Italy) berto@gest.unipd.it, campagnolo@gest.unipd.it L. P. Pook Woodside Road 21, Sevenoaks TN13 3HF (United Kingdom) les.pook@tesco.net A BSTRACT . The existence of three-dimensional effects at cracks has been known for many years, but understanding has been limited, and for some situations still is. Understanding improved when the existence of corner point singularities and their implications became known. Increasingly powerful computers made it possible to investigate three-dimensional effects numerically in detail. Despite increased understanding, three- dimensional effects are sometimes ignored in situations where they may be important. The purpose of the present investigation is to study by means of accurate 3D finite element (FE) models a coupled fracture mode generated by anti-plane loading of a straight through-the-thickness crack in linear elastic plates. An extended version of the present work has recently been published in the literature. The results obtained from the highly accurate finite element analyses have improved understanding of the behaviour of through cracked components under anti-plane loading. The influence of plate bending is increasingly important as the thickness decreases. It appears that a new field parameter, probably a singularity, is needed to describe the stresses at the free surfaces. Discussion on whether K III tends to zero or infinity as a corner point is approached is futile because K III is meaningless at a corner point. The intensity of the local stress and strain state through the thickness of the cracked components has been evaluated by using the strain energy density (SED) averaged over a control volume embracing the crack tip. The SED has been considered as a parameter able to control fracture in some previous contributions and can easily take into account also coupled three-dimensional effects. Calculation of the SED shows that the position of the maximum SED is independent of plate thickness. Both for thin plates and for thick ones the maximum SED is close to the lateral surface, where the maximum intensity of the coupled mode II takes place. K EYWORDS . Fracture mechanics; Finite element analysis; Anti-plane loading; Stress intensity factor; Corner point effects. I NTRODUCTION rack tip surface displacements in the vicinity of a corner point in which a crack front intersects a surface are often of practical interest. Assuming that Poisson’s ratio, v > 0, then kinematics considerations for an antisymmetric loading [1-2] show that modes II and III crack tip surface displacements cannot exist in isolation. Mode II C