Issue 24

M.P. Tretiakov et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 24 (2013) 96-101; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.24.10 97 It is known that it is necessary to use high-stiffness test systems for obtaining equilibrium curves of materials postcritical deformation. However, even with high-stiffness test machine, in some cases obtaining descending sections of strain curve is not possible. It may be associated with specimen geometry. In work [10] a deformable body Ω is considered with boundary Σ and contact type boundary conditions:       0 | ( ) S ij j ij j i n R u r S         r r r where ij R are coefficients of loading system stiffness, ( ) j n r are direction cosines of normal vector to the surface of body Ω in the point with coordinate r . Defining relationship is written in the following form: ' ( , ) ij ijmn mn d С d      where χ is indicator reflecting the nature of the process (active loading ( 1   )or unloading). The condition of postcritical deformation stability in weakness zone Ω 0 is written as follows: 0 0 ' ij j i ijmn mn ij ijmn mn ij R u u d C d D d                  where ' ( ,  1) ijmn ijmn D C      are components of softening modulus tensor. The sign of postcritical deformation is formulated in the following form: 0 ij ij d d    In a particular case of uniaxial deformation of a solid cylindrical specimen with length l and cross section square F and with weakness zone length l’ and cross section square F’ < F , the main volume of the specimen is part of the loading system with respect to the weakness zone. It has been shown that the necessary condition of reaching postcritical deformation stage in the weakness zone is: 0 c M Q Q Q   where 1 M M Q R   is compliance of test machine ( M R is stiffness of test machine), ' ( ) / ( ) c Q l l EF   is compliance of bar (main volume), ' ' 0 / ( ) Q l DF  is compliance of the softening region ( / D d d     is the current meaning of tangent softening modulus). Similarly for a thin-walled tubular specimen with length l and moment of inertia J p , with weakness region with length l’ and moment of inertia   ' ' p p p J J J  , it can be seen that the condition necessary for postcritical stage realization in the weakness region under torsion can be written in the following form: 0 c M L L L   where 1 M M L N   is the compliance of test machine on torsion ( M N is stiffness of test machine on torsion), ' ( ) / ( ) c p L l l GJ   is the compliance of the bar on torsion (main volume), ' ' 0 / ( ) G p L l D J  is the compliance of the softening region on torsion ( / G D d d     is the current meaning of tangent softening modulus on torsion). The aim of the work is experimental examination of the impact of loading system stiffness (particularly geometrical parameters of specimens) on the construction of strain curve with descending sections, and construction of strain curves with postcritical deformation stages in uniaxial tension and proportional tension-torsion tests. T ESTS AND RESULTS Test equipment ests were carried out on Instron 8850 biaxial servohydraulic test system (maximum load 100 kN, maximum torque 1000 Nm, cyclic tests with frequency up to 30 Hz). Strain in the test part of specimen in uniaxial tension tests was registered by Instron 2620-601 extensometer, and in proportional tension-torsion tests it was registered by Epsilon 3550-010М biaxial extensometer. T